9/10/2023 0 Comments Winntsetup windows 10Its companion product, Windows 3.1, used segmented addressing and switches from 16-bit to 32-bit addressing in pages. Windows NT 3.1 was the first version of Windows to use 32-bit flat virtual memory addressing on 32-bit processors. Has also supported Windows network protocols, inheriting the previous OS/2 LAN Manager networking, as well as TCP/IP networking (for which Microsoft used to implement a TCP/IP stack derived at first from a STREAMS-based stack from Spider Systems, then later rewritten in-house). NT has supported per-object (file, function, and role) access control lists allowing a rich set of security permissions to be applied to systems and services. Partial MS-DOS and Windows 16-bit compatibility is achieved on IA-32 via an integrated DOS Virtual Machine – although this feature is not available on other architectures. Broad software compatibility was initially achieved with support for several API "personalities", including Windows API, POSIX, and OS/2 APIs – the latter two were phased out starting with Windows XP. However, support for MIPS, Alpha, and PowerPC was later dropped in Windows 2000. An initial idea was to have a common code base with a custom Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) for each platform. Various versions of NT family operating systems have been released for a variety of processor architectures, initially IA-32, MIPS, and DEC Alpha, with PowerPC, Itanium, x86-64 and ARM supported in later releases. One of the main purposes of NT is hardware and software portability. The letters were dropped from the names of releases from Windows 2000 and later, though Microsoft described that product as being "Built on NT Technology". A 1998 question-and-answer (Q&A) session with Bill Gates revealed that the letters were previously expanded to "New Technology" but no longer carry any specific meaning. One of the original NT developers, Mark Lucovsky, states that the name was taken from the original target processor-the Intel i860, code-named N10 ("N-Ten"). However, the project was originally intended as a follow-on to OS/2 and was referred to as "NT OS/2" before receiving the Windows brand. It has been suggested that Dave Cutler intended the initialism "WNT" as a play on VMS, incrementing each letter by one. Versions of Windows NT are installed using Windows Setup, which, starting with Windows Vista, uses the Windows Preinstallation Environment, which is a lightweight version of Windows NT made for deployment of the operating system. Major features of the Windows NT family include Windows shell, Windows API, Native API, Active Directory, Group Policy, Hardware Abstraction Layer, NTFS, BitLocker, Windows Store, Windows Update, and Hyper-V. The latest versions support x86 (including IA-32 and 圆4) and ARM. Initially, it supported several instruction set architectures, including IA-32, MIPS, and DEC Alpha support for PowerPC, Itanium, 圆4, and ARM were added later. It is a multi-architecture operating system. NT was the first purely 32-bit version of Windows, whereas its consumer-oriented counterparts, Windows 3.1x and Windows 9x, were 16-bit/32-bit hybrids. In fact, NT was a trademark of Northern Telecom (later Nortel) at the time, which Microsoft was forced to acknowledge on the product packaging. Starting with Windows 2000, "NT" was removed from the product name and is only included in the product version string along with several low-level places within the system. "NT" was formerly expanded to "New Technology" but no longer carries any specific meaning. Gradually, the Windows NT family was expanded into Microsoft's general-purpose operating system product line for all personal computers, deprecating the Windows 9x family. It was a commercially focused operating system intended to complement consumer versions of Windows that were based on MS-DOS (including Windows 1.0 through Windows 3.1x). The first version of Windows NT was Windows NT 3.1 and was produced for workstations and server computers. It is a processor-independent, multiprocessing and multi-user operating system. Windows NT is a proprietary graphical operating system produced by Microsoft, the first version of which was released on July 27, 1993. RSX-11, VAXELN, OpenVMS, MICA, Mach (kernel)ĭepending on version, edition or customer choice: Trialware, commercial software, volume licensing, OEM-only, SaaS, S+S IA-32, x86-64, ARM and ARM64 (and historically Intel i860, DEC Alpha, Itanium, MIPS, and PowerPC) Windows Update, Windows Server Update Services
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